Description
Unidirectional microphone is an audio device with specific directionality, and its design principle is mainly based on pressure gradient.
Through the small hole behind the microphone cavity, the diaphragm is subjected to pressure from both sides, and due to the pressure difference in different directions, the microphone has directionality.
This type of microphone is mainly sensitive to sound from one direction, which helps to better capture personal voice without being disturbed by environmental noise.
Unidirectional microphones are mainly divided into heart-shaped directionality and supercardioid directionality. The pointing range of a heart-shaped microphone resembles a heart, hence its name.
Its non radiative zone is the deepest non reactive zone in the 180 degree reverse direction, making it the least likely to pick up sound signals from behind the sound head.
This makes the heart-shaped microphone have a lower impact value in situations where there is a monitoring speaker behind the sound head for playback, such as stage performances.
The supercardioid directional microphone has higher sensitivity and monitoring frequency, making it suitable for use in recording studios, radio stations, live performances, and other occasions.
However, unidirectional microphones also have some drawbacks.
Due to its ability to receive sound from only one direction, if the user’s movements or position are unstable, there may be situations where the sound is not coherent or interfered with. In addition, unidirectional microphones cannot receive surround sound, so their performance may be poor in scenes that require simulation of 3D or spatial sound effects.
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